Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Countess of Arles
• Appointments / Titles: Margravine of Tuscany
• House: Carolingian
• FSID: LYZB-L4Y

Notes:

Bertha, daughter of Lothair II
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bertha (863-8 – March 925 in Lucca) was countess of Arles by marriage to Theobald of Arles, and margravine of Tuscany by marriage to Adalbert II of Tuscany. She served as regent of Lucca and Tuscany from 915 until 916 during the minority of her son Guy of Tuscany. She was described as beautiful, spirited, and courageous, and her influence over her spouse was, coupled with ambition, attributed to have involved her husbands in many wars.

She was the second illegitimate daughter of Lothair II, King of Lotharingia, by his concubine Waldrada.[1]

Life
Between 879 and 880, Bertha married her first husband, Theobald of Arles. A Bosonid, his father was Hucbert. Hucbert's brother-in-law was Lothair II.

Bertha is also known for her curious correspondence to Caliph al-Muktafi in 906, in which she described herself rather grandly as "Queen of the Franks." Bertha's letter is of interest in that she appears to have little knowledge of Baghdad politics or culture, and it is for this reason that details of her correspondence were recorded by one of the Muslim chroniclers. Bertha was seeking a marriage alliance between herself and the Emir of Sicily, unaware that al-Mukfati had little influence over the Aghlabid colony in Sicily. Moreover, the letter was written in a language unfamiliar to the Caliph's translators, and the accompanying gifts (among them a multicoloured woollen coat) which no doubt indicated largesse on Bertha's part, were unlikely to have impressed al-Muktafi beyond their novelty value.[2]

After the death of Adalbert II in 915, her son Guy became count and duke of Lucca and margrave of Tuscany. Bertha, as his mother, was his regent. She stepped down from regency in 916.

Bertha died on 8 March 925 in Lucca.

Issue
Bertha and Theobald of Arles had four children with :

Hugh (882 – 10 April 947);[3]
Boso (885–936)
Theutberga of Arles (890–948), married Warner, viscount of Sens[4]
An unknown daughter (d. after 924)
Bertha and Adalbert II of Tuscany had three children:

Guy (d. 3 February 929);[5]
Lambert (d. after 938);
Ermengarde (d. 932).

Bertha married d'Arles, Théobald in 880 in Arles, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France. Théobald (son of d'Arles, Hucbert and d'Arles, Andaberta) was born on 5 Jan 850 in Arles, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France; died in Jun 895 in Orbé, Deux-Sèvres, Poitou-Charentes, France; was buried in Jun 895 in Cathedral of Lucca, Lucca, Lucca, Toscana, Italy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. d'Arles, Bosone was born in 885 in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France; died in 936 in Bourgogne, France.
2. d'Arles, Hugues was born in 880 in Arles, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France; died on 10 Apr 947 in Arles, Bouches-du-Rhône, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: King of Italy
• FSID: LHJC-WKM
• Appointments / Titles: Between 855 and 869; King of Lotharingia (Lorraine)

Lothaire married de Lorraine, Waldrada on 25 Dec 862. Waldrada was born in 835; died on 9 Apr 869. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: LDHS-8VY

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: Carolingian
• Nickname: Lothar
• FSID: KH28-TN6
• Religion: Roman Catholic
• Appointments / Titles: Aug 814; King of Bavaria
• Appointments / Titles: Between 817 and 855, Aachen, Aachen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany; Emperor of the Romans
• Appointments / Titles: Between 817 and 855, Aachen, Aachen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany; King of Italy
• Appointments / Titles: Between 818 and 855, Aachen, Aachen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany; King of Lombardia
• Appointments / Titles: Between 840 and 855; Emperor of the West

Notes:

Lothair I, born in 795, was Emperor of the Roman Empire (co-ruling with his father, Louise the Pious, until 840). He was also the governor of Bavaria and King of Italy and Middle Francia. He was the eldest son of Louis and his wife Ermengarde of Hesbaye, daughter of Ingerman the duke of Hesbaye.

On several occasions, Lothair led his full-brothers, Pepin I of Aquitaine and Louis the German, in revolt against their father to protest against attempts to make their half-brother Charles the Bald a co-heir to the Frankish domains. Upon their father's death, Charles and Louis joined forces against Lothair in a three-year civil war that lasted from 840 to 843. The struggles between the brothers led directly to the breakup of the Frankish Empire that had been assembled by their grandfather Charlemagne, and it laid the foundation for the development of modern France and Germany.

Little is known of Lothair's early life, which probably was passed at the court of his grandfather Charlemagne. In 814, the elderly emperor died, and left his sole surviving legitimate son Louis the Pious as successor to his vast empire. The next year, Lothair would be sent to govern Bavaria for his father, the new emperor. In 817, Louis the Pious drew up his "Ordinatio Imperii." In it he designated Lothair as his principal heir and ordered that Lothair would be the overlord of Louis' younger sons Pippin of Aquitaine (who was 20) and Louis the German (who was 13), as well as his nephew Bernard of Italy, Lothair's cousin. Lothair also would inherit their lands if they died childless. Lothair, at age 22, then was crowned joint emperor by his father at Aachen. At the same time, Aquitaine and Bavaria were granted to his brothers Pippin and Louis, respectively, as subsidiary kingdoms. Following the death of Bernard, Lothair also received the Kingdom of Italy.

In 821, Lothair married Ermengarde (who died in 851), daughter of Hugh the Count of Tours. In 822, he assumed the government of Italy, and at Easter, April 5, 823, he was crowned emperor again by Pope Paschal I, this time at Rome. In November 824, Lothair promulgated a statute, the "Constitutio Romana," concerning the relations of pope and emperor, which reserved the supreme power to the secular potentate, and he afterwards issued various ordinances for the good government of Italy.

On Lothair's return to his father's court, his stepmother Judith won his consent to her plan for securing a kingdom for her son Charles, a scheme that was carried out in 829, when the young prince was given Alemannia as king. However, Lothair soon changed his attitude and spent the succeeding decade in constant strife over the division of the Empire with his father. He was alternately master of the Empire, then banished and confined to Italy, at one time taking up arms in alliance with his brothers, and at another time fighting against them, while the bounds of his appointed kingdom were in turn extended and reduced.

The first rebellion began in 830. All three brothers fought their father, whom they deposed. In 831, their father was reinstated and he deprived Lothair of his imperial title and gave Italy to Charles. The second rebellion was instigated by Angilbert II, Archbishop of Milan, in 833, and again Louis was deposed in 834. Through the loyalty of the Lombards and later reconciliations, Lothair retained Italy and the imperial position through all remaining divisions of the Empire by his father.

When Louis the Pious was dying in 840, he sent the imperial insignia to Lothair, who, disregarding the various partitions, claimed the whole of the Empire. He was 45 years old when his father died. Negotiations with his brother Louis the German and his half-brother Charles, both of whom resisted this claim, were followed by an alliance of the younger brothers against him. A decisive battle was fought at Fontenay-en-Puisaye on June 25, 841, when, in spite of his and his allied nephew Pepin II of Aquitaine's personal gallantry, Lothair was defeated and fled to Aachen.

With fresh troops, Lothair began a war of plunder, but the forces of his brothers were too strong, and taking with him such treasure as he could collect, he abandoned his capital to them. He met with the leaders of the "Stellinga" in Speyer and promised them his support in return for theirs, but Louis, and then the native Saxon nobility, put down the "Stellinga" in the next years.

Peace negotiations began, and in June 842 the brothers met on an island in the Saône. They agreed to an arrangement that developed, after much difficulty and delay, into the Treaty of Verdun, signed in August 843. By this, Lothair received the imperial title as well as northern Italy and a long stretch of territory from the North Sea to the Mediterranean, essentially along the valleys of the Rhine and the Rhône; this territory included the regions Lorraine, Alsace, Burgundy, and Provence. He soon ceded Italy to his eldest son, Louis, and remained in his new kingdom, engaging in alternate quarrels and reconciliations with his brothers and in futile efforts to defend his lands from the attacks of the Northmen (as Vikings were known in Frankish writings) and the Saracens (as those loyal to the various Fatimids, Umayyads and Abbasides are known in Frankish writings). In 845, the count of Arles, Fulcrad, led a rebellion in Provence. The emperor put it down and the count joined him in an expedition against the Saracens in Italy in 846.

In 855, Lothair became seriously ill, and despairing of recovery, he renounced the throne, divided his lands among his three sons, and on September 23 entered the monastery of Prüm, where he died six days later. He was buried at Prüm, where his remains were found in 1860. It was at Prüm that Lothair was most commemorated. The same year, Lothair's kingdom was divided among his three sons in a deal called the Treaty of Prüm: the eldest, Louis II, received Italy and the title of emperor; the second, Lothair II, received Lotharingia; the youngest, Charles, received Provence.

Lothair married Ermengarde of Tours in 821, who died in 851. their children were: Louis II, crowned King of Italy in 844 by Pope Sergius II and crowned Emperor in 850, who married Engelberga; Hiltrude, who married Berengar of Spoleto; Bertha, who married an unknown man and was later Abbess of Avenay; Gisela, Abbess of San Salvatore at Brescia; Lothair II, who succeeded his father and married Teutberga, daughter of Boso the Elder, Count of Arles; Rotrude, who married Lambert III of Nantes; and Charles, who was Invested with Provence, Lyon and Transjuranian Burgundy.

Lothair had one known illegitimate child, Carloman.

-- Wikiwand: Lothair I

Lotharius married de Tours, Empress Ermengarde in Oct 821 in Thionville, Moselle, Lorraine, France. Ermengarde (daughter of de Tours, Hugues and de Morvois, Ava) was born in 804 in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, Centre, France; was christened on 5 Oct 816 in France; died on 20 Mar 851 in Erstein, Bas-Rhin, Alsace, France; was buried on 20 Mar 851 in Erstein, Bas-Rhin, Alsace, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: Etichonen
• FSID: G7RR-THH

Notes:

Ermengarde of Tours
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ermengarde of Tours (d. 20 March 851) was the daughter of Hugh of Tours, a member of the Etichonen family.[1] In October 821 in Thionville, she married the Carolingian Emperor Lothair I of the Franks (795–855).[1]

In 849, two years before her death, she made a donation to the abbey Erstein in the Elsass, in which she is buried.

Lothair and Ermengarde had eight children:

Louis II, Holy Roman Emperor (c. 825–875).
Helletrud (Hiltrud) (c. 826–after 865/866) m. Count Berengar (d. before 865/866)
Bertha (c. 830–after 7 May 852, probably 877), became before 847 Abbess of Avenay, perhaps Äbtissin of Faremoutiers
A daughter of unknown name (b. probably 826/830), called Ermengarde in later sources, kidnapped 846 by Gilbert, Count of the Maasgau, who then married her
Gisla (c. 830–860) 851–860 Abbess of San Salvatore in Brescia
Lothair II of Lotharingia (c. 835–869) king of Lorraine m. 855 Teutberga, daughter of Count Boso of Arles
Rotrud (baptized 835/840 in Pavia) m. around 850/851 Lambert, Margrave of Brittany, Count of Nantes (Widonen), who died 1 May 852
Charles of Provence (c. 845–25 January 863 in the monastery St-Pierre-les-Nonnains, modern Lyon), King in Burgundy

Appearance
"Her voice is as pure as gold and clear as the note of zither. Her skin is as roses mixed in snow. Her blonde hair circles her head like a chrysolith. Her eyes are lively, her white neck like milk, lillies, ivory. Her graceful hands are like the snow."[2]

Kaiserin und Klosterstifterin und wird in der römisch-katholischen
Kirche als Heilige verehrt.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: King of Italy
• House: Carloginian
• Nickname: The Pious
• FSID: LZT6-KB5
• Appointments / Titles: Between 781 and 814; King of Aquitaine
• Appointments / Titles: Between 814 and 840; Emperor of the West
• Appointments / Titles: Between 814 and 840; King of the Franks
• Residence: 19 Jun 840, Ingelheim am Rhein, Mainz-Bingen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany; Rheinhausen Hesse (house by the river); (present Rheinhessen)

Notes:

Louis the Pious (16 April 778–20 June 840), also called the Fair and the Debonaire, was the King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aquitaine from 781. As the only surviving son of Charlemagne and Hildegard, he became the sole ruler of the Franks after his father's death in 814, a position which he held until his death, save for the period 833–834, during which he was deposed.

Louis married firstly Ermengarde of Hesbaye in c. 794. Children:
1 Lothair (795–855), king of Middle Francia
2 Pepin (797–838), king of Aquitaine
3 Adelaide (b. c. 799)
4 Rotrude (b. 800)
5 Hildegard (or Matilda) (b. c. 802)
6 Louis the German (c. 806–876), king of East Francia

Louis married secondly Judith of Bavaria. Children:
1 Gisela, married Eberhard of Friuli
2 Charles the Bald, king of West Francia

By an unknown concubine (probably Theodelinde of Sens) [citation needed], he had two illegitimate children:
1 Arnulf of Sens
2 Alpais

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_the_Pious
Louis the Pious (778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair, and the Debonair, was the King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aquitaine from 781. As the only surviving adult son of Charlemagne

Louis married de Hesbaye, Empress Ermengarde. Ermengarde was born on 28 May 778 in Belgium; was christened on 5 Oct 816 in Kingdom of the Franks; died on 3 Oct 818 in Angers, Maine-et-Loire, Pays de la Loire, France; was buried on 4 Oct 818 in Erstein Abbey, Erstein, Bas-Rhin, Alsace, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Life Event: Koningin der Franken; Queen of the Franks; Reina de Francia
• Life Event: Princess of Hesbania (d' Hesbaye)
• Life Event: Queen of Italy; Reina de Francia
• FSID: LZL6-MM6
• Occupation: Empress of the West

Notes:

This is Irmingard von HAspengau. She is also known as Irmingard von HEspengau, and as Ermengarde de Hesbaye or Ermengarde of Hesbaye.

She was born about 778 (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ermengarde_de_Hesbaye), and died on 3 Oct 818 (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irmingard_von_Hespengau).

Her father was Ingram, also known as Ingerman. See https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingram_(Franke)

Do not confuse this person with Ermengarde of Tours, the daughter of Hugh of Tours and the wife of Lothair I (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ermengarde_of_Tours).

Thank you.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Count of Tours and Sens during the reigns of Charlemagne and Louis the Pious
• FSID: 9CWV-CP1
• Birth: 775, Haut-Rhin, Alsace, France
• Death: 20 Oct 837, Tours, Indre-et-Loire, Centre, France

Notes:

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugo_von_Tours -
Hugo and his wife Ava († around 840) had at least five children:
~ Irmingard (* around 805, † 20 March 851) ⚭ 821 Lothar I., King of Lorraine
~ Adelais (Adelheid) († nach 866) ⚭ I Konrad I. Graf im Argen- und Linzgau († 863) (Welfen), ⚭ II Robert der Tapfere (X 866) Graf von Paris (Robertiner)
~ Liutfrid I. (* um 800/805, † 865/866) Graf von Tours, Laienabt von Münster-Granfelden ⚭ NN
~ Bertha (* um 805, † nach 870), ⚭ 819 Gerhard II. (* 800, † 878/879) Graf von Paris, Graf (dux) von Vienne (Matfriede)
~ Hugo († before 25 January 835) buried in San Ambrogio in Milan

- https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugues_de_Tours#Descendance -
With his wife named Ava, daughter of Guerry de Morvois and Eve of Tours, Hugues III has six children:
~ Ermengarde († 20 March 851) wife of Lothaire Ier
~ Adélaïde († après 866), wife of first cousins ​​Conrad III as Welf, Conrad Ier as king of the two Burgundians, descendant of Konrad I, brother of the emperor Judith von Altdorf, dite de Bavière, wife of Louis le Pieux, she has a son of the name of Hugues who is for an archival time in Cologne. An interpolation of the Chronicle of Saint-Bénigne de Dijon, laisse penser qu'Adélaïde, widow of Conrad Ier of Burgundy, had paused in seconds noces le comte Robert le Fort, l'arrière-grand-père de Hugues Capet et donc l ' first of all the captain's line. It had also been advanced that Robert the Fort's wife had been, not Adelaide but a daughter of the latter and Conrad Ier of Burgundy, a daughter who could be named Emma; This legend could report to an Adelaide or Aélis who lived a century earlier and who effectively ousted Robert the Fort
~ Berthe wife of Girart de Vienne
~ Hugues († before 25 January 835)
~ Luitfrid de Monza († between 864 and 866), Count of Alsace and Lombardy, Councilor of Lothaire II. His daughter, Eve of Tours, wife of Unroch III of Frioul
~ Beranger († 838)

Hugues married de Morvois, Ava. Ava was born in 790 in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, Centre, France; died on 4 Sep 839 in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, Centre, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: LHDC-1GX

Notes:

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugo_von_Tours -
Hugo and his wife Ava († around 840) had at least five children:
~ Irmingard (* around 805, † 20 March 851) ⚭ 821 Lothar I., King of Lorraine
~ Adelais (Adelheid) († nach 866) ⚭ I Konrad I. Graf im Argen- und Linzgau († 863) (Welfen), ⚭ II Robert der Tapfere (X 866) Graf von Paris (Robertiner)
~ Liutfrid I. (* um 800/805, † 865/866) Graf von Tours, Laienabt von Münster-Granfelden ⚭ NN
~ Bertha (* um 805, † nach 870), ⚭ 819 Gerhard II. (* 800, † 878/879) Graf von Paris, Graf (dux) von Vienne (Matfriede)
~ Hugo († before 25 January 835) buried in San Ambrogio in Milan

- https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugues_de_Tours#Descendance -
With his wife named Ava, daughter of Guerry de Morvois and Eve of Tours, Hugues III has six children:
~ Ermengarde († 20 March 851) wife of Lothaire Ier
~ Adélaïde († après 866), wife of first cousins ​​Conrad III as Welf, Conrad Ier as king of the two Burgundians, descendant of Konrad I, brother of the emperor Judith von Altdorf, dite de Bavière, wife of Louis le Pieux, she has a son of the name of Hugues who is for an archival time in Cologne. An interpolation of the Chronicle of Saint-Bénigne de Dijon, laisse penser qu'Adélaïde, widow of Conrad Ier of Burgundy, had paused in seconds noces le comte Robert le Fort, l'arrière-grand-père de Hugues Capet et donc l ' first of all the captain's line. It had also been advanced that Robert the Fort's wife had been, not Adelaide but a daughter of the latter and Conrad Ier of Burgundy, a daughter who could be named Emma; This legend could report to an Adelaide or Aélis who lived a century earlier and who effectively ousted Robert the Fort
~ Berthe wife of Girart de Vienne
~ Hugues († before 25 January 835)
~ Luitfrid de Monza († between 864 and 866), Count of Alsace and Lombardy, Councilor of Lothaire II. His daughter, Eve of Tours, wife of Unroch III of Frioul
~ Beranger († 838)