Other Events and Attributes:

• Nickname: The Grand
• FSID: 998F-RYD
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1057 and 1087; Count of Burgundy

Notes:

William I (1020 – 12 November 1087), called the Great (le Grand or Tête Hardie, "the Stubborn"), was Count of Burgundy from 1057 to 1087 and Mâcon from 1078 to 1087. He was a son of Renaud I and Alice of Normandy, daughter of Richard II, Duke of Normandy. William was the father of several notable children, including Pope Callixtus II.

In 1057, he succeeded his father and reigned over a territory larger than that of the Franche-Comté itself. In 1087, he died in Besançon, Prince-Archbishopric of Besançon, Holy Roman Empire -- an independent city within the County of Burgundy. He was buried in Besançon's Cathedral of St John.

William married a woman named Stephanie [fr] (a.k.a. Etiennette).

Children of Stephanie (order uncertain):

Renaud II, William's successor, died on First Crusade.
Stephen I, successor to Renaud II, Stephen died on the Crusade of 1101.
Raymond of Burgundy who married Urraca of León and Castile and thus was given the government of Galicia (Spain) (died 1107).
Sybilla (or Maud), married (1080) Eudes I of Burgundy
Gisela of Burgundy, married (1090) Humbert II of Savoy and then Renier I of Montferrat.
Clementia married Robert II, Count of Flanders and was Regent, during his absence. She married secondly Godfrey I, Count of Leuven and was possibly the mother of Joscelin of Louvain.
Guy of Vienne, elected pope, in 1119 at the Abbey of Cluny, as Calixtus II.
William
Eudes.
Hugh III [fr], Archbishop of Besançon.
Stephanie married Lambert, lord of Peyrins, brother of Adhemar of Le Puy)
Ermentrude, married (1065) Theodoric I Count of Montbéliard.
(perhaps) Bertha wife of Alphonso VI of Castile and Leon.
and maybe another daughter.

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_Ier_de_Bourgogne https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_I,_Count_of_Burgundy His father was Renaud I de Bourgogne, also known as Reginald I Count of BURGUNDY (LDSV-BJ1). https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaud_Ier_de_Bourgogne https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_I,_Count_of_Burgundy His mother was Adélaïde de Normandie (MHT3-W8P). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_of_Normandy https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_de_Normandie_(1002-1038) He married Étiennette de Bourgogne, also known as Stephanie of BURGUNDY (9WYV-M96). https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tiennette_de_Bourgogne Guillaume I de Bourgogne (9S47-R3L) and Étiennette (9WYV-M96) had the following children: ~ Octavien ~ Eudes ~ Renaud II ~ Guillaume ~ Ermentrude ~ Guy ~ Étienne Ier ~ Sybille ~ Raymond ~ Hugues ~ Gisèle ~ Clémence ~ Étiennette ~ Berthe Read the above AGAIN before attempting any merges! !

Family/Spouse: of Burgundy, Stephanie. Stephanie was born in 1035 in France; died in 1088 in France; was buried in 1088 in France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. of Burgundy, Gisela was born in 1072 in Bourgogne, France; was christened in 1075 in Besançon, Doubs, Franche-Comté, France; died in May 1135 in Chambéry, Savoie, Rhône-Alpes, France.

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Count of Burgundy
• FSID: GVJW-9RQ

Notes:

Renaud I st of Burgundy (986-1057) was Count of Burgundy (1 st count palatine of Burgundy) of anscarids the xi th century.

Biography
Son of the I st Count Otto-William and Adelaide Ermentrude Rheims and Roucy (daughter of Renaud of Roucy, count of Reims and Lord of Roucy and Albérade of Hainault, daughter of the Duke Gislebert of Lorraine and Gerberge of Saxony ). Adelaide de Reims was the heiress of the county of Mâcon by his first marriage with Aubry II of Mâcon (982 ).

995: at the age of 20, his father combines the elder brother of Renaud de Bourgogne Guy I st Macon , born in 975, to power the county of Burgundy and the county of Macon , for his succession.

1002: 27 years old, Guy I st Macon becomes Count of Macon.

1004: Guy I st Macon died at the age of 29. His son Otton II of Mâcon succeeds him as Count of Mâcon. Otte-Guillaume shares his lands: his son Renaud receives the counties of Amous, Varais and Portois; Otton, his grandson receives Mâconnais and Escuens. Otte-Guillaume retains his rights over the counties of Frankish Burgundy (Beaumont, Fouvent and Oscheret). The Counts of Burgundy will for a long time retain many lands or suzerainties on counties located in the Duchy of Burgundy.

1016: Renaud married Adélaïde de Normandie (1002-1038), daughter of Duke Richard II of Normandy and Judith of Brittany.

1026: Renaud I st Burgundy succeeds, October 21, 1026, at the age of 40, under the Count of Burgundy , his father dies, and his brother Guy died.

1027: Renaud I st of Burgundy is at war against the bishop count of Auxerre, Hugh of Chalon. This one makes him prisoner with Auxerre. Renaud I st is liberated by troops sent by his stepfather and led by the future Duke Richard III of Normandy.

1032: Rodolphe III of Burgundy (last king of Burgundy) dies without posterity, on September 6, 1032. He had designated his cousin the Germanic emperor Conrad II the Salic as heir. His nephew Eudes II de Blois , son of his elder sister Bertha of Burgundy, raised against Conrad the Salic, the revolt of the feudal lords and prelates of the kingdom of Burgundy. The war of succession of Burgundy (1032-1034) and started is supported by Renaud I st of Burgundy, Count Gerold II Geneva, Archbishop of Vienna, the Bishop of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne, as well as Archbishop of Lyon, Burchard II, bastard son of Conrad the Pacific and half-brother of Rodolphe III of Burgundy.

In front of them, Conrad the Salique has the support of Héribert, Archbishop of Milan, Marquis Boniface III of Tuscany, Ermengarde, widow of Rodolphe III, and Humbert de Maurienne, former advisor and vassal of Rodolphe III today, better known as Humbert to the White Hands.

Eudes II of Blois is crowned king of Burgundy in Lausanne, by his partisans, but in January 1033, the emperor is also crowned in Basel.

The revolt fails and the kingdom of Burgundy must remain in the empire. In order to escape the imperial armies, Renaud de Bourgogne retires to Dijon, ducal Burgundy where he has retained many supports.

1034: the German Emperor Conrad II takes possession of the kingdom of Burgundy (actually the county of Burgundy) and receives the 1 st August , the homage of his new vassals in Geneva.

Conrad II vassalizes the county of Burgundy over many generations, to the detriment of the Duchy of Burgundy and the Kingdom of France.

1037: Renaud I st of Burgundy and Odo II continue the fight against the imperial troops led by Gothelon I st of Lorraine and allied for the occasion, to those of the king of France Henry I st . November 15, Battle of Hanol, between Bar-le-Duc and Verdun. Death of Eudes II de Blois.

Emperor Conrad II decides to lift the sentences against his opponents yesterday. Renaud I st of Burgundy, leader of the coalition receives in Dijon, embassy of the emperor, who announces reconciliation desires it. Renaud I st of Burgundy became count palatine (Pfalzgraf) of Burgundy, gave way in the German imperial administration, to those who are responsible for administering land and to administer justice in the name of the emperor. His successors will continue to wear this title.

1038: Conrad II transmits the kingdom of Burgundy to his nephew Henry III . He made him crown King of Burgundy in Solothurn. The major, whose Renaud Count and the Archbishop of Besançon Hugues I er de Salins, are present at the event and must pay tribute to their new king.

1039: Archbishop of Besancon, Hugues I st Salins , becomes the confidant Henry III. The emperor then granted a certain frank autonomy and the right to self-administer by his own government to the county of Burgundy. The Archbishop of Besançon is appointed Chancellor and has been widely awarded for his total and very devoted collaboration.

1043: Henry III comes in Besancon, to become engaged to Agnes of Aquitaine , niece of Renaud I st of Burgundy, and daughter of the Duke of Aquitaine, William V Poitiers. On this occasion, the Archbishop of Besancon, Hugues I er de Salins, gets royal rights over the city of Besançon (legal, political, fiscal and economic). He is appointed prince of the Germanic Empire (maximum rank before emperor) and reigns supreme over the city, with the emperor and the pope Gregory VII for only superiors. It escapes the power of the Counts of Burgundy.

1044: Henry III continues to favor those who have supported his father. He gives the city of Montbeliard to Count Louis de Mousson. Renaud I st Burgundy revolt against the Emperor again, allied to the Count Gerold Geneva. He besieged the castle of Montbeliard, but Count Louis defeated their troops and thus maintains the independence of Montbéliard vis-à-vis the county of Burgundy. The two counts submit the following year to the emperor.

1057: in September, Count Renaud disappears at the age of 71 years. His son Guillaume (1057-1087), succeeds him. He had already been associated with county decisions for several years, and was in charge of the county of Burgundy in the absence of his father. Renaud I st of Burgundy was buried in St. Stephen's Cathedral Besancon, replaced the xviii th century by St John's Cathedral, which were transferred to the graves of counts of Burgundy (Sacred Heart chapel).

Descendancy
From his marriage to Adelaide of Normandy, Renaud I st of Burgundy had four son and two daughters:

1.) Guillaume I er Burgundy said the Grand or Tête Hardie (1020-1087) who succeeded him as Count of Burgundy

2.) Gui de Brionne or Gui de Bourgogne (v 1025-1069), raised at the court of Normandy, who wanted to succeed the duchy of Normandy against his cousin William of Normandy (future William the Conqueror). He had to separate from his counties of Brionne and Vernon in Normandy, having been at the head of the coalition of the barons of Normandy, which was defeated at the Battle of Val-ès-Dunes in 1047. Gui de Brionne found refuge with his uncle Geoffroy II Martel, Count of Anjou. On the death of Renaud I st from Burgundy, he tried to delight the county of Burgundy for about ten years to his brother Guillaume.

3.) Hugues de Bourgogne, called Superalios (cited in 1037- v. 1086), Viscount of Lons-le-Saunier , Lord of Montmorot, Navilly and Scey, married to Aldeberge de Scey. And their son Thibert I st Montmorot, Viscount of Lons-le-Saunier (house Montmorot, alias Montmoret)

4.) Foulques de Bourgogne, aka Foulques de Joux de Grandson (quoted in 1060-1114) (after the chronicler Herman de Laon), married to Alix de Roucy (v 1055-?) (Home of Grandson)

5.) Aubrée of Buonalbergo

Renaud I st of Burgundy also rose to his court Robert Nevers (1035-1098), "Le Bourguignon", son of Renaud I st Nevers (1000-1040), his nephew. Robert de Nevers is at the origin of the house of Craon-Nevers. His grandson Robert de Craon, also known as Le Bourguignon, succeeded Hugues de Payns as second Master of the Order of the Temple.

Renaud married de Normandie, Adélaïde I. Adélaïde (daughter of de Normandie, Sir Richard II and de Bretagne, Lady Judith) was born in 1002 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France; died on 27 Jul 1037 in Bourgogne, Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, France; was buried on 5 Jun 1063 in Auxerre, Yonne, Bourgogne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: GVJW-SZ8

Notes:

geni.com
Adeliza de Normandie, comtesse de Bourgogne
Spanish: Da. Adelaida de Normandía, comtesse de Bourgogne, French: de Buonalbergo, comtesse de Bourgogne, Italian: de Buonalbergo, comtesse de Bourgogne
Also Known As: "Adeliza", "Alix", "Judith", "Alice", "Alisa", "Adelaide", "Adélaïde", "Adele", "Adela", "Aelis"
Birthdate: circa 1002
Birthplace: Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Normandy, France
Death: July 07, 1037 (30-39)
Burgundy, Marne, Grand Est, France
Place of Burial: Bourgogne, France
Immediate Family:
Daughter of
Richard II "the Good", Duke of Normandy and
Judith of Brittany

Wife of Reginald I Ivrea, count palatine of Burgundy

Mother of
Guy of Brionne; William I "the Great" count of Burgundy;
Hugh de Bourgogne, Viscount of Lons-le-Saunier and Falcon of Burgundy
Sister of Robert I "the Magnificent", Duke of Normandy;
Richard III, duke of Normandy;
William of Normandy, de Fecamp;
Eleanor of Normandy and
Matilda of Normandy

Half sister of Mauger, Archbishop of Rouen; William of Normandy, Count Of Talou & Arques and Papia de Normandie, Daughter of Richard II

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Count of Burgundy
• FSID: LDSQ-XRK

Notes:

Otto-William (French: Otte-Guillaume; German: Otto Wilhelm; 955/62 – 21 September 1026 AD) was count of Mâcon, Nevers, and Burgundy.

Life
Otto was born in 958 during the joint reign of his grandfather, King Berengar II of Italy, and his father, King Adalbert.[1] His mother was Gerberga.[1]

After Adalbert's death in 971/5, Gerberga married for a second time, to Henry I, Duke of Burgundy, the younger brother of King Hugh Capet.[2] Gerberga and Henry had no children together. Since Henry had no legitimate son of his own, he adopted Otto-William making him a possible heir of the Duchy of Burgundy.[3]

While the son of a king, Otto did not seek a royal wife.[4] In c. 982, he married Ermentrude of Roucy, whose maternal grandmother, Gerberga of Saxony, was a sister of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, and by this marriage alliance created a web of consanguinity between later kings of France, Germany, Burgundy and the Carolingians.[4] Even Otto's children's spouses, although from great families, came from widespread and scattered parts of France.[4]

This marriage brought to Otto-William the County of Mâcon as well as[5] many other rights on the left bank of the Saône in the province of Besançon. The new Count of Mâcon consolidated there his political grip making what would be later be the Free County of Burgundy around Dole.

From his mother Otto could inherited the County of Nevers before 990.[6] However he left Nevers to his stepson Landric and rather claimed the County of Beaune in which the dowry of Gerberga was.

The Duchy of Burgundy was eventually annexed to the crown of France by King Robert II, nephew of Henry I, Duke of Burgundy, in 1005.

On the left-bank of the Saône, determined to be sovereign ruler of his own lands, Otto revolted against the Emperor Henry II in 1016. This was after Rudolph III of Burgundy, the last king of Burgundy and Arles, had done homage to Henry at Strasbourg, making him his guard and heir. On Otto's death, the Free County fell under the suzerainty of the German emperors.

Otto died on 21 September 1026 at the age of 64[7] and was buried in St-Benigne of Dijon.

Marriage and issue

Otto-William's first wife Ermentrude
Otto's first wife was Ermentrude, daughter of Renaud of Roucy.[8] They had:

Guy (c. 982–1006) had been associated as count of Mâcon from 995.[8] His wife is unknown.
Matilda, married Landri of Nevers, Count of Nevers[9]
Gerberga, married Guilhem II of Provence[10]
Reginald I, Count of Burgundy (c. 990–1057), he married Adelaide (or Judith) of Normandy.[8]
Agnes, married firstly William V of Aquitaine, secondly Geoffrey II of Anjou.[8]

Otto remarried late in life to a wife named Adelaide. Some scholars have identified her as the four-times widowed Adelaide-Blanche of Anjou,[11] but the identity is not directly attested[12] and has been disputed by some studying the question.[13]

Otto married de Roucy, Ermentrude. Ermentrude (daughter of de Roucy, Renaud II and de Lorraine, Countess Alberada) was born in 958 in Reims, Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, France; died on 5 Mar 1005 in Mâcon, Saône-et-Loire, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France; was buried after 5 Mar 1003 in Milan, Milano, Lombardia, Italy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: LCFL-9DP

Notes:

Ermentrude de Roucy (958 – 5 May 1005) (Irmtrude) was a Countess and Duchess of Burgundy.

She was a daughter of Renaud of Roucy and his wife, Alberade of Lorraine, daughter of Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine.

Ermentrude married Aubry II of Mâcon and thus became a countess of Mâcon.
They were the parents of:

Létaud, archbishop of Besançon;
Aubry, abbot of Saint-Paul de Besançon;
Béatrice de Mâcon (974–1030), who was married in 975 to Count Geoffrey I of Gâtinais, and afterwards to the Count Hugues du Perche;
Perhaps a daughter, N de Mâcon, the putative spouse of Eble de Poitiers, son of William IV of Aquitaine and Emma of Blois; they were possibly the parents of Ebles I of Roucy and all of his siblings, including Yvette de Roucy, the wife of either Manasses II or Manasses III of Rethel.

She also married Otto-William, Count of Burgundy. They had children:

Guy I of Mâcon;
Matilda, married Landri of Nevers;
Gerberga, married William II of Provence;
Reginald I, Count of Burgundy;
Agnes of Burgundy, Duchess of Aquitaine.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ermentrude_de_Roucy

Other Events and Attributes:

• Nickname: The Good
• FSID: KDQW-JTJ
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1 Jan 996 and 28 Aug 1026, Normandy, France; 3rd Duke of Normandie

Notes:

Richard II, Duke of Normandy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Richard II "the Good"
Richard the Good as part of the "Six Dukes of Normandy" statue in the town square of Falaise.
Duke of Normandy
Reign 996–1026
Predecessor Richard I
Successor Richard III
Born 23 August 963
Normandy
Died 28 August 1026 (aged 63)
Normandy
Spouse Judith of Brittany
(unsure if married) Poppa of Envermeu
Issue Richard III of Normandy
Robert I of Normandy
and more.
House House of Normandy
Father Richard I, Duke of Normandy
Mother Gunnora, Duchess of Normandy
Richard II (23 August 963 – 28 August 1026), called the Good (French: Le Bon), was the eldest son and heir of Richard I the Fearless and Gunnora. He was a Norman nobleman of the House of Normandy.

Contents

[hide]
1 Life
2 Marriages and children
3 Genealogy
4 Notes
5 References
Life

Richard succeeded his father as Duke of Normandy in 996. During his minority, the first five years of his reign, his regent was Count Rodulf of Ivry, his uncle, who wielded the power and put down a peasant insurrection at the beginning of Richard's reign.

Richard had deep religious interests and found he had much in common with Robert II of France, who he helped militarily against the duchy of Burgundy. He forged a marriage alliance with Brittany by marrying his sister Hawise to Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany and by his own marriage to Geoffrey's sister, Judith of Brittany.

In 1000-1001, Richard repelled an English attack on the Cotentin Peninsula that was led by Ethelred II of England. Ethelred had given orders that Richard be captured, bound and brought to England. But the English had not been prepared for the rapid response of the Norman cavalry and were utterly defeated.

Richard attempted to improve relations with England through his sister Emma of Normandy's marriage to King Ethelred. This marriage was significant in that it later gave his grandson, William the Conqueror, the basis of his claim to the throne of England. The improved relations proved to be beneficial to Ethelred when in 1013 Sweyn Forkbeard invaded England. Emma with her two sons Edward and Alfred fled to Normandy followed shortly thereafter by her husband king Ethelred. Soon after the death of Ethelred, Cnut, King of England forced Emma to marry him while Richard was forced to recognize the new regime as his sister was again Queen. Richard had contacts with Scandinavian Vikings throughout his reign. He employed Viking mercenaries and concluded a treaty with Sweyn Forkbeard who was en route to England.

Richard II commissioned his clerk and confessor, Dudo of Saint-Quentin, to portray his ducal ancestors as morally upright Christian leaders who built Normandy despite the treachery of their overlords and neighboring principalities. It was clearly a work of propaganda designed to legitimize the Norman settlement, and while it contains numerous historically unreliable legends, as respects the reigns of his father and grandfather, Richard I and William I it is basically reliable.

In 1025 and 1026 Richard confirmed gifts of his great-grandfather Rollo to Saint-Ouen at Rouen. His other numerous grants to monastic houses tends to indicate the areas over which Richard had ducal control, namely Caen, the Éverecin, the Cotentin, the Pays de Caux and Rouen.

Richard II died 28 Aug 1026. his eldest son, Richard becoming the new Duke.

Richard II (right), with the Abbot of Mont Saint-Michel (middle) and Lothair of France (left)
Marriages and children

He married firstly, c.1000, Judith (982–1017), daughter of Conan I of Brittany, by whom he had the following issue:

Richard (c. 1002/4), duke of Normandy
Alice of Normandy (c. 1003/5), married Renaud I, Count of Burgundy
Robert (c. 1005/7), duke of Normandy
William (c. 1007/9), monk at Fécamp, d. 1025, buried at Fécamp Abbey
Eleanor (c. 1011/3), married to Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders
Matilda (c. 1013/5), nun at Fecamp, d. 1033. She died young and unmarried.[16]
Secondly he married Poppa of Envermeu, by whom he had the following issue:

Mauger (c. 1019), Archbishop of Rouen
William (c. 1020/5), count of Arques

Richard married de Bretagne, Lady Judith in 1000 in Normandy, France. Judith (daughter of of Berenger, Sir Conan I and d'Anjou, Lady Ermangarde) was born on 21 Mar 982 in Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine, Bretagne, France; was christened after 22 Mar 982 in Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine, Bretagne, France; died on 16 Jun 1017 in Bernay, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France; was buried on 16 Jun 1017 in Bernay, Eure, Haute-Normandie, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Duchess of Normandy
• Appointments / Titles: Princess of Brittany
• FSID: LDS9-GGV
• Appointments / Titles: Between 1000 and 1017, Normandy, France; Duchess of Normandy

Notes:

Judith of Brittany
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Judith of Brittany

Sarcophage de Judith de Bretagne.jpg
Leaden sarcophagus of Judith of Brittany a.k.a. Judith de Conan (982–1017). The sarcophagus was made in the 11th century and found in the 19th century in the foundations of the church of the abbey Notre-Dame in Bernay. The skeleton in the sarcophagus was that of an important woman of small body height with a congenital deformation of the haunch. Deformations of this kind were common among women of Brittany, sometimes, but not always, making it impossible for them to give birth to children.

Spouse(s) Richard II, Duke of Normandy
Noble family House of Rennes
Father Conan I, Duke of Brittany
Mother Ermengarde of Anjou
Born 982
Died 1017
Buried Abbey of Bernay
Judith of Brittany also called Judith of Rennes (982–1017) Duchess of Normandy from c. 1000 until her death.

Life

Judith, born in 982, was the daughter of Conan I, Duke of Brittany and Ermengarde-Gerberga of Anjou. She was the mother of Robert I, Duke of Normandy and paternal grandmother of William the Conqueror.

She was a part of an important double marriage alliance between Normandy and Brittany first recorded by William of Jumièges. In 996 her brother Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany married Hawise of Normandy, daughter of Richard I, Duke of Normandy while in c. 1000 Judith married Richard II, Duke of Normandy, Hawise's brother. The duchess Judith died on 28 August 1017 and was buried in the abbey of Bernay, which she had founded in 1013.

Family

Judith married Richard II, Duke of Normandy c. 1000. They had six children:

Richard (c. 1002/4), duke of Normandy.
Alice of Normandy (c. 1003/5), married Renaud I, Count of Burgundy.
Robert (c. 1005/7), duke of Normandy.
William (c. 1007/9), monk at Fécamp, d. 1025.
Eleanor (c. 1011/3), married to Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders.
Matilda (c. 1013/5), nun at Fecamp, d. 1033. She died young and unmarried.

From Life Sketch:

Judith de Bretagne ([982] -16 Jun 1017) . Guillaume of Jumièges records the marriage of " the leader of Richard " and " ... the sister of the count of the Britons ... goiffredus Judith " at " the threshold of the Archangel Michael " [130] . Orderic Vitalis records that " the Britons Richard Gunnorides ... Geoffrey, earl of his wife, sister, and Judith " founded " in honor of the Holy Virgin and of Mary cœnobium with Bernaïcum " [131] . An agreement between the abbots of Jumieges and Bougeuil concerning an exchange of land in Poitou, by charter dated [13 Apr / May 4] 1012, is subscribed by " the prince of the great son of Richard ... Richard ... Judith ... " [132] . The Chronicle of Saint-Etienne Caen records the death in 1017 of " Judita countess " [133] . M (Mont Saint-Michel [1000]) as his first wife, Richard 2 "Le Bon / l'Irascible" Comte de Normandie , son of Richard 1 "Sans-Peur" Comte [de France] & his second wife Gunnora (-28 Dec 1027).
[130] William Gemmetencis history (Du Chesne, 1619), The Book of 5, 13, p. 255.
[131] Le Prevost, A. (1845) Orderici Vitalis historiae Ecclesiasticæ (Paris) ( "Orderic Vitalis (Prévost)"), Vol. 2, Book 3, 1, p. 10.
[132] Vernier, JJ (Ed.) (1916) Charles de l'abbaye de Jumièges, Tome 1 c 825-1169 (Rouen, Paris), 7, p. 16.
[133] Giles, IA (ed.) (1845) Scriptores rerum achievements of William the Conqueror (London) The history of a short suve Chronica of the monastery of St. Stephen in Caen book of his Annals , p. 165.
http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/BRITTANY.htm#_ftn130 [Latin translated to English]

Buried:
Bernay Abbley

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Margrave in Eastern Liguria ( Obertenghi )
• Appointments / Titles: Marquis of Ivrea
• Appointments / Titles: Re di Italia (15 décembre 950-963) , marchese di Ivrea, conte d'Aosta - Comte d\'Aoste , Roi d\'Italie (15 décembre 950-963), Margrave d\'Ivrée (Aubert II, 965-971), Duc des Lombards
• FSID: LDSK-V77

Notes:

Adalbert «el Joven» d'Ivrea, rex Italiae
Also Known As:"Oberto II Obertenghi / Adalbertini", "Rei da Italia"
Birth circa 932 :Ivrea, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
Death:Died April 30, 971 in Autun, Saône-et-Loire, Burgundy, France
Place of Burial:Autun
Immediate Family:
Son of Berengar II, King of Italy and Willa d'Arles
Husband of Alde av Sachen; Perengarda; Railenda vom Comersee and Gerberga, countess of Macon
Father of Hugo I d'Este; Otto Guillaume I, comte de Bourgogne et de Mâcon; Gisela of Italy; Willibrig, Coun Of Sundgau; Arduino degli Anscarici and 2 others
Brother of Gilberga d'Este; Corrado I di Ivrea; Rozala d'Italie, reine consort de France; Wido Eporediensis; Urraca Princess of Italy de Lombardía-Ivrea and 2 others
Occupation:King of Italy 950-963, Margrave in Milan, Count of Vinunza, of Genova, of Tortone e di Milan, Margrave of Ivrea, King of Italy

Adalbert «el Joven» d'Ivrea, rex Italiae
Also Known As: "Oberto II Obertenghi / Adalbertini", "Rei da Italia"
Birth circa 932 Ivrea, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
Death: Died April 30, 971 in Autun, Saône-et-Loire, Burgundy, France
Place of Burial: Autun
Occupation: King of Italy 950-963, Margrave in Milan, Count of Vinunza, of Genova, of Tortone e di Milan, Margrave of Ivrea, King of Italy
Also Known As: "Oberto II Obertenghi / Adalbertini", "Rei da Italia"
Birth circa 932Ivrea, Turin, Piedmont, Italy
Death: Died April 30, 971 in Autun, Saône-et-Loire, Burgundy, France
Place of Burial: Autun
Immediate Family:
Son of Berengar II, king of Italy and Willa
Husband of Alde av Sachen; Perengarda; Railenda vom Comersee and Gerberga, countess of Macon
Father of Hugo I d'Este; Otto Guillaume I, comte de Bourgogne et de Mâcon; Gisela of Italy; Willibrig, Coun Of Sundgau; Arduino degli Anscarici and 2 others
Brother of Gilberga d'Este; Corrado I di Ivrea; Rozala d'Italie, reine consort de France; Wido Eporediensis; Urraca and 2 others
Occupation:King of Italy 950-963, Margrave in Milan, Count of Vinunza, of Genova, of Tortone e di Milan, Margrave of Ivrea, King of Italy
Last Updated: April 14, 2015
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Berengar II, king of Italy.father
About Adalbert II, King of Italy
Adalberto II d'Ivrea Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera. http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adalberto_II_d'Ivrea

Adalberto da Gerberga ebbe cinque figli: 1) Ottone Guglielmo (962-1026), (primo conte palatino di Borgogna) 2) Gisella (?-1020), sposata nel 983 al marchese Anselmo I del Monferrato 3) Arduino (?-† 1015) 4) Gilberto (?-† 1030) 5) Amedeo (?-?) ---------- Adalbert (c. 932 – c. 975) was the king of Italy from 950 to 963. He was the son of the Margrave Berengar of Ivrea and Willa.
On 15 December 950, both he and his father were crowned kings of Italy after the death of Lothair II. His father tried to force Adelaide, widow of the late Lothair, to marry Adalbert and cement their claim to the kingship. When she refused and fled, she was tracked down and imprisoned for four months at Como.
In 951, King Otto I of Germany invaded Italy and rescued Adelaide, marrying her himself. He forced Berengar and Adalbert to do homage to him for their kingdom in 952. In 953, Adalbert began besieging Count Adalbert Azzo of Canossa, in his Canossan castle, where Adelaide had taken refuge two years prior. In 957, Liudolf, Duke of Swabia, invaded Lombardy and caused Berenagar to flee, though Adalbert gathered a large force at Verona. He was defeated, but Liudolf died prematurely and his army left.
In 960, he joined his father in attacking the pope, John XII. Otto came down at the pope's call and defeated the two co-kings and was crowned Emperor. Adalbert fled to Fraxinet, then under the Saracens. From there he fled to Corsica. When he returned, he tried to take Pavia, the Italian capital, but was defeated by another invading Swabian army, this time under Burchard III. Only the interference of his brothers Conrad and Guy, who died fighting, saved him to fight another day, which he never did. His negotiations with the Byzantine Empire fell through and he retired with his wife Gerberga to Burgundy, where he died at Autun sometime between 971 and 975. His widow married Otto-Henry, Duke of Burgundy, and his son, Otto-William, inherited through his stepfather the county of Burgundy and is thus the forefather of the Free Counts and the Hohenstaufen emperors. -------------------- The family of Adalbert d'ITALIE and Gerberge de MÂCON [133809] ITALIE (d'), Adalbert (Bérenger II & Willa d'ARLES [133836]), vice-roi d'Italie

married about 955
MÂCON (de), Gerberge (Létald Ier & ..) 1) Othon-Guillaume, comte de Bourgogne, Nevers, Mâcon, Beaune et Oscheret, married about 975 Ermentrude de REIMS et COUCY
Bibliographie : Le Sang de Charlemagne; Histoire de la maison royale de France (Père Anselme)
http://www.francogene.com/quebec--genealogy/133/133809.php -------------------- Adalbert, King of Italy (1) M, #162379, d. circa 972
Adalbert, King of Italy was the son of Berengar II d'Ivrea, King of Italy and Willa di Toscana. (1) He died circa 972. (1)
Adalbert, King of Italy succeeded to the title of King Adalbert of Italy in 950. (1) He was deposed as King of Italy in 963. (1)
-------------------- Adalbert (c. 932–c. 975) was the king of Italy from 950 to 963. He was the son of the Margrave Berengar of Ivrea and Willa.
On 15 December 950, both he and his father were crowned kings of Italy after the death of Lothair II. His father forced Adelaide, widow of the late Lothair, to marry Adalbert and cement their claim to the kingship.
In 951, King Otto I of Germany invaded Italy and rescued Adelaide, marrying her himself. He forced Berengar and Adalbert to do homage to him for their kingdom in 952. In 953, Adalbert began besieged Azzo, count of Modena, Reggio, and Canossa in his Canossan castle, where Adelaide had taken refuge two years prior. In 957, Liudolf, Duke of Swabia, invaded Lombardy and caused Berenagar to flee, though Adalbert gathered a large force at Verona. He was defeated, but Liudolf died prematurely and his army left.

In 960, he joined his father in attacking the pope, John XII. Otto came down at the pope's call and defeated the two co-kings and was crowned Emperor. Adalbert fled to Fraxinet, then under the Saracens. From there he fled to Corsica. When he returned, he tried to take Pavia, the Italian capital, but was defeated by another invading Swabian army, this time under Burchard III. Only the interference of his brothers Conrad and Guy, who died fighting, saved him to fight another day, which he never did. His negotiations with the Byzantine Empire fell through and he retired with his wife Gerberga to Burgundy, where he died at Autun sometime between 971 and 975. His widow married Otto-Henry, Duke of Burgundy, and his son, Otto-William, inherited through his stepfather the county of Burgundy and is thus the forefather of the Free Counts and the Hohenstaufen emperors. -------------------- Wikipedia: Adalbert II. (* wohl 936; † 30. April 971 in Autun) aus dem Haus Burgund-Ivrea war der älteste Sohn des Königs Berengar II. von Italien und der Willa von Tuszien. Er wird zu den Nationalkönigen gezählt.

Adalbert married de Chalons, Gerberga. Gerberga was born in 940 in Mâcon, Ain, Rhône-Alpes, France; was christened in 952 in Italy; died on 11 Dec 991 in Pouilly, Côte-d'Or, Bourgogne, France; was buried on 11 Dec 991 in Autun, Saône-et-Loire, Bourgogne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Comtesse de Mâcon
• Appointments / Titles: Duchess of Burgundy
• Appointments / Titles: Margravine of Ivrea
• Appointments / Titles: Queen Consort of Italy
• FSID: LDSQ-F68

Notes:

Gerberga, Otto-William's mother[1] (c. 947[2] – 986/91), was, by her successive marriages, queen of Italy (c. 958 – 963), margravine of Ivrea (965–970), and duchess of Burgundy (971/5–986/91).

Ancestry
There has been some debate about Gerberga's ancestry. Recent scholars think that Gerberga's parents were Lambert of Chalon and Adelaide.[3][4] Because Gerberga's son, Otto-William, later succeeded to the county of Mâcon (through marriage to Ermentrude de Roucy, the widow of the previous count), old assumptions had mistakenly argued that Gerberga must have been descended from the counts of Mâcon rather[5] than from Lambert of Chalon or Adelaide. Besides, a primary source, the Gesta pontificum of Auxerre confirm[6] that is Hugh of Chalon (bishop of Auxerre) is a frater (brother) of Gerberga. Remaining debate is about the meaning of the latter word—half-brother or full brother.[7][8] The scenario where Adelaide is the common mother may explain[9] that on the death without direct heirs in 1039 of Gerberga's brother Hugh, his county of Chalon which come from Lambert, was inherited by children of his younger sister Mathilde, ignoring the superior claims of Gerberga's own descendants, among whom were the powerful counts of Burgundy. And considering the likely birth date of her son, Gerberga's first marriage must have taken place while her husband and father-in-law were still struggling for the kingdom of Italy against Otto I King of Germany and it is likely that Adalbert's marriage could have brought additional political support. It is not clear how the mere count of Chalon Lambert could have provided this support.

Marriages
Gerberga's first husband was King Adalbert of Italy.[10] They engaged around 956, and later had one child, Otto-William.[11]

After Adalbert's death in 971/5, Gerberga married for a second time, to Henry I, Duke of Burgundy, the younger brother of King Hugh Capet.[12] Gerberga and Henry had no children together. Since Henry had no legitimate son of his own, he adopted Otto-William making him a possible heir of the Duchy of Burgundy.[13]

Life after her marriage with Duke Henry
Gerberga's interventions with her son are mainly in Nevers, a charter for Nevers Saint-Cyr Church, dated April 986, is subscribed by Henricus Burgundiæ dux, Guillelmus comes, Girberga comitissa.[14] The legitimacy of this new area of arbitration for the duke should come from the rights of Gerberga's mother.[15] Besides, Gerberga's dower is located in the Beaune county. Otto-William become count of this district before 991, and after 1005[16] he will donate the villa of Veuvey-sur-Ouche, which belonged to his mother, to the Abbey St. Bénigne in Dijon.

geni.com

Gerberge de Châlon
Also Known As: "Geberge", "Gerberga", "Gerberge", "de Châlon", "de Macon"
Birthdate: circa 940
Birthplace: Mâcon, Ain, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
Death: December 11, 991 (46-55)
Chatau De Pouilly, Solutré-Pouilly, Saône-et-Loire, Burgundy-Franche-Comté, France
Immediate Family:
Daughter of Lambert d'Autun De Dijon, Comte de Chalon and Adélaïde de Chalon, wife of Lambert d'Autun and Geoffroy I d'Anjou
Wife of Adalbert II, king of Italy and Henri I Le Grand, duc de Bourgogne
Mother of Otto Guillaume I, comte de Bourgogne et de Mâcon

Sister of
Elizabeth de Chalons;
Mathilde de Châlon, dame de Donzy;
Hugh I, Count of Chalon and Bishop Of Auxerre; Ermentrude Of Autun and
Countess Aelis of Macon

Half sister of Maurice
Occupation: Countess de Borgoña, Contesse de Dijon, Count de Macon, de Nevers, Otto William, Countess of Macon

Other Events and Attributes:

• Nickname: The Advocate
• FSID: LB27-YWT
• Appointments / Titles: 946; Comte de Reims

Notes:

Son of the Viking Rognvald (Reinald) who was one of the Norse invaders who chose to remain in Burgundy. Renaud married Albreda, the daughter of Giselbert (Gilbert) Count of Hainault, Duke of Lorraine and Gerberga of Saxony, a direct descendant of The Holy Roman Emperors Lothiar and Charles the Bald, and Charlemagne.

They were married circa 945 and had the following children:
* Gilbert de Roucy
* Ermetrude de Roucy, wife of Othon Guillaume de Bourgogne
* Unknown daughter, wife of Fromond of Sens
* Bruno, Bishop of Langres

Renaud became the military chief of Reims after the restoration of Artald of Reims, built a fort at Roucy and supported young King Lothair of France in the expedition at Aquitaine and the siege of Poitiers, who later made Renaud the Count of Roucy.

Renaud died in 10 May 967 and was buried at the Abbey of Saint-Remi, according to Wikipedia.

Renaud married de Lorraine, Countess Alberada. Alberada (daughter of de Lorraine, Gilbert and von Sachsen, Queen of France Gerberga) was born on 9 Jul 930 in Brabant, Meuse, Lorraine, France; died on 18 Mar 972 in Coucy-Le-Château-Auffrique, Aisne, Hauts-de-France, France; was buried after 18 Mar 972 in Abbey of Saint-Remi, Reims, Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Belle-fille de Louis IV
• FSID: GWZB-NNM

Notes:

Alberade de Lorraine, (von Lothringen (Lorraine) von Hennegau von Hainault), Countess of Lorraine, de Roucy
Also Known As: "Alberada", "Albrede", "von Lothringen", "von Hennegau", "Alberade /Hainault/"
Birthdate: 930
Birthplace: Lorraine, France
Death: 973 (34-51) France
Place of Burial: Rheims, Champagne-Ardenne, France

Immediate Family:
Daughter of
Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine and Gerberga of Saxony

Wife of
Renaud I de Rheims, Comte de Roucy and de Rheims

Mother of
Brunon de Roucy, Bishop of Langres;
Gerberge de Roucy de Reims;
Ermentrude of Roucy, countess of Mâcon and Burgundy and
Giselbert de Roucy

Sister of Ermintrud Countess van Henegouwen; Henry, duke of Lorraine; Gerberga of Lorraine and Hedwige
Half sister of Lothair IV, roi de France; Mathilde de France, Reine Consort des Deux-Bourgognes; Charles de France; Louis de France; Henri de France; and Charles de France, duc de Basse-Lotharingie
Occupation: Countess of Roucy (Alberade de Lorraine)(Aubrée Reginar)

Other Events and Attributes:

• House: House of Normandy
• Nickname: The Fearless
• FSID: 9HTX-2CD
• Occupation: Peerage of Normandy
• Appointments / Titles: Between 17 Dec 942 and 20 Nov 996, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France; Count of Rouen
• Appointments / Titles: Between 943 and 996, Normandy, France; 3rd Duke of Normandie

Notes:

Richard I of Normandy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Richard I "the Fearless"
Richard FitzWilliam
Count of Rouen
Reign 17 December 942 – 20 November 996
Predecessor William Longsword
Successor Richard II
Born 28 August 933
Fécamp Normandy, France
Died 20 November 996 (aged 63)
Fécamp Normandy, France
Spouse Emma of Paris
Gunnor
Issue Richard II of Normandy
Robert II (Archbishop of Rouen)
Mauger, Count of Corbeil
Robert Danus
Willam?
Emma of Normandy
Maud of Normandy
Hawise of Normandy
Geoffrey, Count of Eu (illegitimate)
William, Count of Eu (illegitimate)
Beatrice of Normandy (illegitimate)
Robert (illegitimate)
Papia (illegitimate)
House House of Normandy
Father William I Longsword
Mother Sprota
Richard I (28 August 933 – 20 November 996), also known as Richard the Fearless (French, Richard Sans-Peur)(Old Norse,"Jarl Richart) was the Count of Rouen or Jarl of Rouen from 942 to 996. Dudo of Saint-Quentin, whom Richard commissioned to write the "De moribus et actis primorum Normanniae ducum" (Latin, "On the Customs and Deeds of the First Dukes of Normandy"), called him a Dux. However, this use of the word may have been in the context of Richard's renowned leadership in war, and not as a reference to a title of nobility. Richard either introduced feudalism into Normandy or he greatly expanded it. By the end of his reign, most important Norman landholders held their lands in feudal tenure.

Contents

[hide]
1 Birth
2 Life
2.1 Relationships with France, England and the Church
3 Marriages
4 Illegitimate children
4.1 Possible children
5 Death
6 Depictions in fiction
7 Genealogy
8 Notes
9 References
10 External links
Birth

Richard was born to William Longsword, princeps (chieftain or ruler) of Normandy, and Sprota. His mother was a Breton concubine captured in war and bound to William by a more danico marriage. He was also the grandson of the famous Rollo. William was told of the birth of a son after the battle with Riouf and other Viking rebels, but his existence was kept secret until a few years later when William Longsword first met his son Richard. After kissing the boy and declaring him his heir, William sent Richard to be raised in Bayeux. Richard was about ten years old when his father was killed on 17 December 942. After William was killed, Sprota became the wife of Esperleng, a wealthy miller. Rodulf of Ivry was their son and Richard's half-brother.

Life

With the death of Richard's father in 942, King Louis IV of France installed the boy, Richard, in his father's office. Under the influence of Arnulf I, Count of Flanders the King took him into Frankish territory:32–4 and placing him in the custody of the count of Ponthieu before the King reneged and seized the lands of the Duchy of Normandy. He then split up the Duchy, giving its lands in lower Normandy to Hugh the Great. Louis IV thereafter kept Richard in close confinement at Lâon, but the youth escaped from imprisonment:36–7 with assistance of Osmond de Centville, Bernard de Senlis (who had been a companion of Rollo of Normandy), Ivo de Bellèsme, and Bernard the Dane (ancestor to the families of Harcourt and Beaumont).[a]

In 946, at the age of 14, Richard allied himself with the Norman and Viking leaders in France and with men sent by King Harold of Denmark. A battle was fought after which Louis IV was captured. Hostages were taken and held until King Louis recognised Richard as Duke, returning Normandy to him.:37–41 Richard agreed to "commend" himself to Hugh, the Count of Paris, Hugh resolved to form a permanent alliance with Richard and promised his daughter Emma, who was just a child, as a bride, the marriage would take place in 960.:41–2

Louis IV working with Arnulf I, Count of Flanders persuaded Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor to attack Richard and Hugh. The combined armies of Otto, Arnulf and Louis IV were driven from the gates of Rouen, fleeing to Amiens and being decisively defeated in 947.:41–2 A period of peace ensued, Louis IV dying in 954, 13 year old Lothair becoming King. The middle aged Hugh appointed Richard as guardian of his 15-year-old son, Hugh Capet in 955.:44

In 962, Theobald I, Count of Blois, attempted a renewed invasion of Rouen, Richard's stronghold, but his troops were summarily routed by Normans under Richard's command, and forced to retreat before ever having crossed the Seine river. Lothair, the king of the West Franks, was fearful that Richard's retaliation could destabilize a large part of West Francia so he stepped in to prevent any further war between the two.[16] In 987 Hugh Capet became King of the Franks.

For the last 30 years until his death in 996 in Fécamp, Richard concentrated on Normandy itself, and participated less in Frankish politics and its petty wars. In lieu of building up the Norman Empire by expansion, he stabilized the realm and reunited the Normans, forging the reclaimed Duchy of his father and grandfather into West Francia's most cohesive and formidable principality.[17]

Richard was succeeded in November 996 by his 33-year-old son, Richard II, Duke of Normandy.

Relationships with France, England and the Church

Richard used marriage to build strong alliances. His marriage to Emma of Paris connected him directly to the House of Capet. His second wife, Gunnora, from a rival Viking group in the Cotentin, formed an alliance to that group, while her sisters formed the core group that were to provide loyal followers to him and his successors.[18]

His daughters forged valuable marriage alliances with powerful neighboring counts as well as to the king of England.[18] Emma marrying firstly Æthelred the Unready and after his death in 1016, the invader, Cnut the Great. Her children included three English kings, Edward the Confessor, Alfred Aetheling and with Cnut, Harthacnut so completing a major link between the Duke of Normandy and the Crown of England that would add validity to the claim by the future William the Conqueror to the throne of England.

Richard also built on his relationship with the church, undertaking acts of piety,[19]:lv restoring their lands and ensuring the great monasteries flourished in Normandy. His further reign was marked by an extended period of peace and tranquility.[18][20]

Marriages

Richard & his children
His first marriage in 960 was to Emma, daughter of Hugh "The Great" of France,[21] and Hedwig von Sachsen.[21] They were betrothed when both were very young. She died after 19 March 968, with no issue.

According to Robert of Torigni, not long after Emma's death, Duke Richard went out hunting and stopped at the house of a local forester. He became enamored with the forester's wife, Seinfreda, but she was a virtuous woman and suggested he court her unmarried sister, Gunnor, instead. Gunnor became his mistress and her family rose to prominence. Her brother, Herefast de Crepon, may have been involved in a controversial heresy trial. Gunnor was, like Richard, of Viking descent, being a Dane by blood. Richard finally married her to legitimize their children:[b]

Richard II "the Good", Duke of Normandy
Robert, Archbishop of Rouen, Count of Evreux
Mauger, Count of Corbeil
Emma of Normandy, wife of two kings of England
Maud of Normandy, wife of Odo II of Blois, Count of Blois, Champagne and Chartres
Hawise of Normandy m. Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany
Papia of Normandy
Orielda (963-1031) wife of Fulk Seigneur de Guernanville, Dean of Evreax [22][23]
Illegitimate children

Richard was known to have had several other mistresses and had children with many of them. Known children are:

Geoffrey, Count of Eu[24]
William, Count of Eu (ca. 972-26 January 1057/58),[24] m. Lasceline de Turqueville (d. 26 January 1057/58).
Beatrice of Normandy, Abbess of Montvilliers d.1034 m. Ebles of Turenne (d.1030 (divorced)
Possible children

Muriella, married Tancred de Hauteville[25][26]
Fressenda or Fredesenda (ca. 995-ca. 1057), second wife of Tancred de Hauteville.[26][27]
Guimara (Wimarc(a)) (b. circa 986), Wife of Ansfred (Ansfroi) II "le Dane" le Goz, vicomte d'Exmes et de Falaise, Mother of Robert FitzWimarc, Death:Abbey of Montivilliers, Seine-Inferieure, Normandy[28]
Death

Richard died of natural causes in Fecamp, France, on 20 November 996.[29]

Depictions in fiction

The Little Duke, a Victorian Juvenile novel by Charlotte Mary Yonge is a fictionalized account of Richard's boyhood and early struggles.

Richard married de Crepon, Gunnora in 964 in Rouen, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France. Gunnora (daughter of de Crepon, Herfast) was born on 26 Nov 936 in La Bataille, Deux-Sèvres, Poitou-Charentes, France; died on 29 Sep 1031 in Fécamp, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France; was buried in 1031 in Normandy, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Duchess
• Appointments / Titles: Duchess of Normandy
• Alternate Birth: 936, Fécamp, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France

Notes:

Gunnora
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gunnora

Duchess consort of Normandy
Tenure 989–996
Born c.  936.[a]
Rouen, Haute-Normandy, France
Died 5 Jan 1031 (not verified)
Normandy, France
Spouse Richard I, Duke of Normandy
Issue Richard II
Robert II, Archbishop of Rouen, Count of Evreux
Mauger, Count of Corbeil
Emma, Queen consort of England
Hawise, Duchess consort of Brittany
Maud, Countess of Blois
House House of Normandy (by marriage)
Gunnora (or Gunnor) (circa 936 – 5 Jan 1031) was a Duchess of Normandy and the wife of Richard I of Normandy.

Life
The names of Gunnora's parents are unknown, but Robert of Torigni wrote that her father was a forester from the Pays de Caux and according to Dudo of Saint-Quentin she was of noble Danish origin. Gunnora was probably born c.  950. Her family held sway in western Normandy and Gunnora herself was said to be very wealthy. Her marriage to Richard I was of great political importance, both to her husband[b] and her progeny. Her brother, Herfast de Crepon, was progenitor of a great Norman family. Her sisters and nieces[c] married some of the most important nobles in Normandy.

Robert of Torigni recounts a story of how Richard met Gunnora. She was living with her sister Seinfreda, the wife of a local forester, when Richard, hunting nearby, heard of the beauty of the forester's wife. He is said to have ordered Seinfreda to come to his bed, but the lady substituted her unmarried sister, Gunnora. Richard, it is said, was pleased that by this subterfuge he had been saved from committing adultery and together they had three sons and three daughters.[d] Unlike other territorial rulers, the Normans recognized marriage by cohabitation or more danico. But when Richard was prevented from nominating their son Robert to be Archbishop of Rouen, the two were married, "according to the Christian custom", making their children legitimate in the eyes of the church.

Gunnora attested ducal charters up into the 1020s, was skilled in languages and was said to have had an excellent memory. She was one of the most important sources of information on Norman history for Dudo of St. Quentin. As Richard's widow she is mentioned accompanying her sons on numerous occasions. That her husband depended on her is shown in the couple's charters where she is variously regent of Normandy, a mediator and judge, and in the typical role of a medieval aristocratic mother, an arbitrator between her husband and their oldest son Richard II.

Gunnora was a founder and supporter of Coutances Cathedral and laid its first stone. In one of her own charters after Richard's death she gave two alods to the abbey of Mont Saint-Michel, namely Britavilla and Domjean, given to her by her husband in dower, which she gave for the soul of her husband, and the weal of her own soul and that of her sons "count Richard, archbishop Robert, and others..." She also attested a charter, c. 1024–26, to that same abbey by her son, Richard II, shown as Gonnor matris comitis (mother of the count). Gunnora, both as wife and countess,[e] was able to use her influence to see her kin favored, and several of the most prominent Anglo-Norman families on both sides of the English Channel are descended from her, her sisters and nieces. Gunnora died c. 1031.

Family
Richard and Gunnora were parents to several children:

Richard II "the Good", Duke of Normandy
Robert, Archbishop of Rouen, Count of Evreux, died 1037
Mauger, Count of Corbeil
Emma of Normandy (c. 985–1052), married first to Æthelred, King of England and secondly Cnut the Great, King of England.
Hawise of Normandy, wife of Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany
Maud of Normandy, wife of Odo II of Blois, Count of Blois, Champagne and Chartres
Notes
Jump up ^ According to "Burke's Peerage,#102173"
Jump up ^ Richard's marriage to Gunnora seems to have been a deliberate political move to consolidate his position by allying himself with a powerful rival family in the Cotentin. See: D. Crouch, The Normans (2007), pp. 26 & 42;A companion to the Anglo-Norman world, eds. C. Harper-Bill; E. van Houts (2007), p. 27.
Jump up ^ Her sisters, Senfrie, Aveline and Wevie as well as their daughters are discussed in detail in G.H. White, 'The Sisters and Nieces of Gunnor, Duchess of Normandy, The Genealogist, New Series, vol. 37 (1920-21), pp. 57-65 & 128-132. Also see: Elisabeth van Houts, 'Robert of Torigni as Genealogist', Studies in Medieval History Presented to R. Allen Brown, ed. Christopher Harper-Bill, Christopher J. Holdsworth, Janet L. Nelson (The Boydell Press, Woodbridge, 1989), pp. 215-233; K.S.B. Keats-Rohan, 'Aspects of Torigny's Genealogy Revisited', Nottingham Medieval Studies, Vol. 37 (1993), pp. 21-28.
Jump up ^ Geoffrey H. White is among those historians who question the authenticity of this story. See: G.H. White, 'The Sisters and Nieces of Gunnor, Duchess of Normandy, The Genealogist, New Series, vol. 37 (1920-21), p. 58.
Jump up ^ At the time Gunnora lived, there were no dukes or duchesses of Normandy. Her husband Richard I, used the title of count of Rouen, to which Richard added the style of "count and consul", and after 960, marquis (count over other counts). Gunnora would have never used the title of duchess, her title was countess and she is so styled in an original deed to the abbey of St. Ouen, Rouen (1057–17) given by her son Richard II. For the present, despite being historically incorrect, duchess remains her title of convenience. See: Bates, Normandy before 1066 (Longman, 1982), pp. 148–50; Douglas, 'The Earliest Norman Counts', The English Historical Review, Vol. 61, No. 240 (May, 1946), pp. 130–31; David Crouch, The Normans: The History of a Dynasty (London: Hambledon Continuum, 2007), pp. 18-19 and Dudo of Saint-Quentin; Eric Christiansen, History of the Normans (Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 1998). p. xxiv.

From Life Sketch:

According to Robert of Torigni, not long after Emma's death, Duke Richard went out hunting and stopped at the house of a local forester. He became enamored with the forester's wife, Seinfreda, but she was a virtuous woman and suggested he court her unmarried sister, Gunnor, instead. Gunnor became his mistress and her family rose to prominence. Her brother, Herefast de Crepon, may have been involved in a controversial heresy trial. Gunnor was, like Richard, of Viking descent, being a Dane by blood. Richard finally married her to legitimize their children:[b]
Richard II "the Good", Duke of Normandy
Robert, Archbishop of Rouen, Count of Evreux
Mauger, Count of Corbeil
Emma of Normandy, wife of two kings of England
Maud of Normandy, wife of Odo II of Blois, Count of Blois, Champagne and Chartres
Hawise of Normandy m. Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany
Papia of Normandy
William, Count of Eu
Orielda (963-1031) wife of Fulk Seigneur de Guernanville, Dean of Evreax

Other Events and Attributes:

• Appointments / Titles: Count of Rennes
• Appointments / Titles: Duke of Crepon
• FSID: KZ9H-3LQ
• Appointments / Titles: 990, Bretagne, France; Duke of Bretagne
• Military: 27 Jun 992; died fighting his brother-in-law Fulk Nerra, Count of Anjou at the Battle of Conquereuil

Notes:

Conan I, nicknamed Le Tort, was the Duke of Brittany from 990 to his death. He was the son of Judicael Berengar and Gerberga, and succeeded his father as Count of Rennes in 970.
He assumed the title of Duke of Brittany in the spring of 990 following his attack on Nantes and the subsequent death of Count Alan. As duke his rule succeeded the Regency that governed Brittany during the life of Drogo and the fractured rule of Brittany after Drogo's death by his brothers Hoël and Guerech . The fractured rule over Brittany resulted in a short vacancy in the title Duke of Brittany; Conan I had to ally himself with the Count of Blois in order to defeat Judicael Berengar before he could assume the title of Duke.
In a charter dated 28 July 990, Conan gave the lands of Villamée, Lillele and Passille to Mont Saint-Michel, all of which later became part of the seigneury of Fougères.
Conan married Ermengarde-Gerberga of Anjou, in 973, daughter of Geoffrey I, Count of Anjou and Adele of Vermandois.
Conan's alliance with the Count of Blois had helped him defeat Judicael Berengar, he later needed to "rid himself of influence from Blois, [which he accomplished by signing] a pact with Richard I of Normandy; [this pact] established firm Breton-Norman links for the first time." Richard I had married the daughter of Hugh I the Great, and after this marriage had re-asserted his father's claim as Overlord of the Breton duchy. Conan I's pact with him strengthened that assertion but the historical documentation for that Overlordship claim remains doubtful because it largely appears only in the less than authoritative writings of Dudo of Saint-Quentin.
Conan died fighting against Geoffrey I and his brother-in-law Fulk Nerra, Count of Anjou at the Battle of Conquereuil on 27 June 992. Conan is buried at Mont Saint-Michel Abb
Per Wikitree.com--Conan de Bretagne (abt. 0950 - 0992).

He assumed the title of Duke of Brittany in the spring of 990 following his attack on Nantes and the subsequent death of Count Alan. As duke his rule succeeded the Regency that governed Brittany during the life of Drogo and the fractured rule of Brittany after Drogo's death by his brothers Hoël and Guerech . The fractured rule over Brittany resulted in a short vacancy in the title Duke of Brittany; Conan I had to ally himself with the Count of Blois in order to defeat Judicael Berengar before he could assume the title of Duke.

Mont Saint-Michel, endowed by Conan I, and his final resting place
In a charter dated 28 July 990, Conan gave the lands of Villamée, Lillele and Passille to Mont Saint-Michel, all of which later became part of the seigneury of Fougères.

Conan married Ermengarde-Gerberga of Anjou,[a] in 973, daughter of Geoffrey I, Count of Anjou and Adele of Vermandois.

Conan's alliance with the Count of Blois had helped him defeat Judicael Berengar. However the alliance with Blois became troublesome and he later needed to "rid himself of influence from Blois, [which he accomplished by signing] a pact with Richard I of Normandy; [this pact] established firm Breton-Norman links for the first time." Richard I had married the daughter of Hugh I the Great, and after this marriage had re-asserted his father's claim as Overlord of the Breton duchy. Conan I's pact with Normandy strengthened that assertion but the historical documentation for that Overlordship claim remains doubtful because it largely appears only in the less than authoritative writings of Dudo of Saint-Quentin. [b]

Conan died fighting his brother-in-law Fulk Nerra, Count of Anjou at the Battle of Conquereuil on 27 June 992. Conan is buried at Mont Saint-Michel Abbey. [8

Conan married d'Anjou, Lady Ermangarde in 973 in Bretagne, France. Ermangarde (daughter of d'Anjou, Sir Geoffroy and de Vermandois, Countess Adelaide, daughter of d'Anjou, Sir Geoffroy) was born in 956 in Anjou, Isère, Rhône-Alpes, France; died on 27 Jun 1002 in Anjou, Isère, Rhône-Alpes, France; was buried after 27 Jun 1002 in Anjou, Isère, Rhône-Alpes, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FSID: LHWS-BFW
• Birth: 11 Nov 956, Anjou, Isère, Rhône-Alpes, France
• Appointments / Titles: 973; Countess of Rennes
• Appointments / Titles: 990; Duchess of Bretagne
• Burial: 1024, Anjou, Isère, Rhône-Alpes, France
• Death: 1024, Bretagne, France

Notes:

Ermengarde of Anjou may refer to:

Ermengarde-Gerberga of Anjou, Duchess of Brittany, daughter of Geoffrey I, Count of Anjou, wife first of Conan I of Rennes; secondly of William II of Angoulême
Ermengarde of Anjou, Duchess of Burgundy (1018–1076), daughter of Count Fulk III, wife of Geoffrey, Count of Gâtinais and Robert I, Duke of Burgundy
Ermengarde de Bourbon-Dampierre (fl. 1070), Countess of Anjou, third wife of Fulk IV, Count of Anjou
Ermengarde of Anjou (d. 1146) (1068–1146), Duchess of Aquitaine and Brittany, daughter of Count Fulk IV, wife of William IX, Duke of Aquitaine and Alan IV, Duke of Brittany
Ermengarde, Countess of Maine (1096-1126), Countess of Anjou, first wife of Fulk V

Ermengarde-Gerberga was born c. 956, the daughter of Geoffrey I, Count of Anjou and Adele of Meaux. She married Conan I of Rennes, Count of Rennes, in 973. Her husband Conan of Rennes opposed her father and brother Fulk even though the marriage was apparently designed to form a political alliance between Anjou and Brittany. Even after Conan had been killed by Fulk at the battle of Battle of Conquereuil in 992, and during the period 992-994 when Ermengarde was Regent for their son Geoffrey, she remained loyal to her brother Fulk III, Count of Anjou. In 992, following the interests of her brother, and functioning as Regent, she accepted Capetian over-lordship for Rennes while rejecting that of Odo I, Count of Blois.
About 1000 her brother Fulk III arranged his widowed sister to marry, secondly, William II of Angoulême, one of his close allies. Per http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com