| Notes |
- www.wikipedia.com
The Counts of Neuchâtel are considered to be descendants of the Counts of Fenis due to their possessions between the Jura and the Middle Aare as well as the Kastvogtei over the Erlach Monastery . There is no clear documentary evidence of their origin. The first tangible representatives are Rudolf I († 1143/1149), mentioned as Lord of Neuchâtel (de Novocastro) from 1125, and his brother Mangold († 1165) as Lords of Neuchâtel. Rudolf was married to Emma von Glâne, Wilhelm's sister, the last of this baron family, and after his death in 1143 he inherited the Arconciel rule . The Neuchâtel enlarged the castle in Neuchâtel , which was built under Rudolf III. of Burgundy(† 1032) had been built, and had the collegiate church built. Ulrich II. († 1191/92), the son of Rudolf I, expanded his influence in the direction of the Jura, his sons Rudolf II. († 1196) and Ulrich III. († 1225) are documented as Counts of Neuchâtel. Rudolf II was followed by his son Berchtold († 1260).
Ulrich III. and Berchtold granted Neuchâtel a town charter in 1214 (freedoms, French franchises ) and in 1218 divided the family property. Ulrich received the German-speaking areas on the right bank of Lake Neuchâtel including the Landgraviate of Aarburgund and Berchtold the French-speaking areas on the left bank. Berchtold had to pledge the areas between Ligerz and Bözingen to the Principality of Basel , but he managed to expand his influence into the Val de Travers , which he acquired in 1237 from Johann I von Chalon, Count of Burgundy, received as a fief. If the counts were originally vassals of the king, from 1288 they became aftervasals of the Counts of Chalon-Arlay . With a clever marriage and alliance policy, they succeeded in expanding their territory into Vaud. With the death of Count Ludwig in 1373, the male line went out and the county fell to his sister Isabella. When she died in 1395, her nephew, Count Konrad III. of Freiburg , the county of Neuchâtel.
Ulrich III's sons after his death in 1296 divided the property into the lines Neuchâtel-Nidau ??(extinguished in 1375), Neuchâtel-Strassberg and Aarberg (Aarberg-Aarberg and Aarberg-Vallangin, extinguished in 1517).
Legal status of the Counts of Neuchâtel The area of ??today's Swiss canton of Neuchâtel belonged to the Kingdom of Burgundy until 1032 . After the death of the last Burgundian king, Rudolf III. it fell through inheritance to Emperor Konrad II. In 1033 the emperor enfeoffed Count Ulrich von Fenis, the ancestor of the Counts of Neuchâtel, with the area around Neuchâtel. When the rectorate of Burgundy was created in 1127 and the Zähringer familywas transferred, the Neuchâtel lost the imperial immediacy they had acquired in 1033 and were subordinate to the Zähringers, with whom they had a good relationship. When the House of Zähringen died out in 1218 and the rectorate no longer existed, the Counts of Neuchâtel became imperial again.
Also in 1218 Ulrich to Neuchâtel-Aarberg with Gérard Vienne Baron of Grandson the Val de Travers , the great men of Grandson as a fief of the Counts of Chalon had swapped against scattered parts of the territory, which Ulrich his rule arrondieren could. This feudal relationship - limited to the Val de Travers - was now also transferred to the Counts of Neuchâtel. This fiefdom is verifiable from 1237.
During the feud of Count Rudolf von Habsburg against the Bishop of Basel Heinrich von Neuenburg , the relatives of the bishop, the Count of Neuchâtel, supported the bishop against the Habsburg. After the Habsburg was elected German king in 1273, the Neuchâtel feared the revenge of the new king and feared for their legal claims. At this time, Johann von Chalon - a brother-in-law of King Rudolf I - insisted that the Neuchâtel oath should not only take him for the Val de Travers, but for all of their possessions. After the death of Count Amadeus I of Neuchâtel, his son Rolin (Rudolf IV) was still a minor and his two guardians were canonsso that the House of Neuchâtel lacked the strength to withstand the House of Chalon and the Habsburgs. For Rudolf von Habsburg, Johann von Chalon was an important ally in his fight against the Count Palatine Otto von Burgund. This is how the Neuchâtel people recognized the suzerainty (sovereignty) of the House of Chalon. In 1288 the Neuchâtel gave back the imperial fiefdom to the king, who then enfeoffed Johann von Chalon with it, and the latter handed it back to the Neuchâtel as an after fief. In the documents it was initially unclear whether the fiefdom was Salian ( Mannlehen ) or Burgundian ( Kunkellehen) Law should apply. In 1311 another document extended the succession to daughters of the Neuchâtel family. In subsequent disputes, a transition to Burgundian law and thus a Kunkellehen was partly constructed from this. After the death of Count Ludwig von Neuchâtel († 1373), the county passed to his daughter Isabella, who, however, had no descendants when she died († 1395). Her stepsister Varene († 1393), who died before her, left a son, Konrad III , from her marriage to Count Egon von Freiburg . von Freiburg bequeathed the county of Neuchâtel to Isabella in her will, although she thereby violated the rights of her feudal lord.
The following table gives an overview of the development of the county's legal status under the Counts of Neuchâtel.
Period Legal status Remarks 1033 to 1127 Imperial direct fiefdom Enfeoffment from Emperor Konrad II ; by Salic Law Empire man loan 1127 to 1218 Imperial fiefdom under the Rectorate of Burgundy the rectorate under the Zähringers stood between the empire and the fiefdom 1218 to 1288 Imperial direct fiefdom after the death of the Zähringer, the rectorate was also dropped 1288 to 1395 Reichsafterlehen 1288 return of the fief to King Rudolf von Habsburg ; He gave the imperial fief to John I of Chalon and passed it on as an after-fief to the Counts of Neuchâtel Known family members Berthold († 1133/37), Bishop of Basel (1122 / 23–1133) Berthold († 1220), Bishop of Lausanne (1212–1220) Heinrich († 1274), Bishop of Basel (1263–1274) Rudolf II of Neuchâtel-Fenis , minstrel († before August 30, 1196) Family list of the lords and counts of Neuchâtel Ulrich I of Neuchâtel, Baron von Hasenburg, Count von Fenis ? NN Burkhard von Fenis , Bishop of Basel Cuno von Fenis , Bishop of Lausanne Mangold I of Neuchâtel ? NN Mangold II von Fenis, co-regent of Neuchâtel Rudolf I of Neuchâtel, co-regent of Neuchâtel, Lord of Arconciel ? Emma von Glâne Ulrich II, Count of Fenis, Lord of Arconciel and Neuchâtel ? Berta von Granges Rudolf von Neuchâtel , co-regent of Neuchâtel, minstrel ? a countess unknown by name Berthold I., co-regent of Neuchâtel, Lord of Arconciel ? 1. Richenza von Frohburg Rudolf III, Lord of Neuchâtel ? Sibylle de Montbéliard Ulrich IV, co-regent of Neuchâtel Johann, provost of Neuchâtel and Chalon Amadeus I, co-regent of Neuchâtel ? Jordane de La Sarraz Rudolf IV. (Also called Raoul or Rolin), Lord and / or Count of Neuchâtel ? Eleanor of Savoy Johanna ? Aymon de La Sarraz Catherine ? 1) Jean de Champvent ; ? 2) Wilhelm von Montagny [13] ; 3) Guillaume de Montjoie Ludwig I. Count of Neuchâtel ? 1) Jeanne von Montfaucon ; ? 2) Catherine de Neuchâtel-Bourgogne ; ? 3) Marguerite de Vufflens [15] from 1) Johann von Neuenburg-Vaumarcus, called "the beautiful", tribe of the Vaumarcus line von 1) Isabelle, Countess of Neuchâtel ? Rudolf IV. von Nidau von 2) Ludwig, Count of Neuchâtel from 2) Rudolf of 2) Varenne, baroness of Le Landeron ? Egino III. from Freiburg Conrad III. von Freiburg Count of Neuchâtel ? Marie de Vergy [16] Anna ? Rudolf III. from Hachberg-Sausenberg Margarete ? 1) Hartmann von Kyburg ; ? 2) Hugo von Buchegg [17] N ? Guillaume d'Estavayer [18] Wilhelmine ? Renaud (Reinald) de Bourgogne Alix ? Ulrich de Porta [19] Margarete ? Abbess of Magerau Abbey Sibylle Agnès, nun in sauce Nicole, nun in Baume-les-Dames Richard, canon of Neuchâtel and Chalon, provost of Neuchâtel Heinrich, co-regent of Neuchâtel Agnelette ? Konrad von Viviers Marguerite ? Jean I. de Blonay [20] Hermann Wilhelm Heinrich, Freiherr von Thielle Ulrich III. von Neuchâtel, Co-Regent and Count of Neuchâtel. Count von Nidau ??? 1. Gertrude; ? 2. Jolanthe von Urach Rudolf I of Neuchâtel-Nidau, Lord of Nidau, Count of Neuchâtel; Tribe of the Nidau ??line Otto, Provost of Solothurn St. Ursenstift Berthold I of Neuchâtel-Strassberg, Lord of Valangin and von Strassberg; Head of the Strassberg line Heinrich von Neuenburg , Bishop of Basel Ulrich IV of Neuchâtel-Aarberg, Lord of Aarberg and Valangin, ancestor of the Aarberg line († October 21, 1276), ? Agnès de Montfaucon Wilhelm von Neuenburg-Aarberg, Count of Aarberg John I of Neuchâtel-Valangin, Lord of Valangin; Original owner of the Aarberg-Valangin line Gertrude ? Diethelm, Count of Toggenburg NN ? Rudolf I, Count of Falkenstein NN ? Konrad von Rötteln Berthe ? 1. Lüthold VI. from Regensberg ; ? 2. Simon de Grandson Agnès ? Pierre de Grandson Berthold of Neuchâtel , Bishop of Lausanne Berthold , Bishop of Basel NN ? Amadeus I of Montfaucon Differentiation from other families In the Burgundian area, there was another family with the Lords of Neuchâtel-Bourgogne , whose members can be found in the historical literature as Seigneur de Neuchâtel or other additions to names (e.g. Neuchâtel-Blamont). This is not a sideline of the Counts of Neuchâtel, but a separate sex to whom an extensive family relationship occasionally developed through marriage. The dynasty of the Counts of Neuchâtel was not related to the knight dynasty of the Thumb von Neuburg (sometimes also called Thumb von Neuchâtel).
literature Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries. The German territories and imperial immediate families from the Middle Ages to the present. 6th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-406-44333-8 , pp. 424-425. Katharina Koller-Weiss: Neuchâtel . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages . tape VI . Artemis & Winkler, Munich / Zurich 1993, ISBN 3-7608-8906-9 , Sp. 1100-1101 . Jean-Daniel Morerod: La zone d'influence d'Ulric II dans l'Arc jurassien et la genèse du comté de Neuchâtel (1140–1191) . In: Revue historique neuchâteloise . 4 (October / December), 1999, ISSN 1422-5182 , pp. 237-246 ( rero.ch ). Jean Grellet: Les Comtes de Neuchâtel. In: Genealogisches Handbuch zur Schweizer Geschichte , Volume I, pp. 101–126 in the Internet Archive and supplement p. 407 in the Internet Archive - French Jean Grellet: Neuchâtel (Count of). In: Historisch-Biographisches Lexikon der Schweiz , Volume 5, Neuchâtel 1921, pp. Pdf Web links Commons : Counts of Neuchâtel - Collection of images, videos and audio files Lionel Bartolini: Neuchâtel, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . Franziska Hälg-Steffen: Strassberg, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . Germain Hausmann / AZ: Aarberg, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . Peter Niederhäuser: Nidau, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . Charles Cawley: Burgundy Kingdom. Neuchâtel, Vaud, Valais, Gruyere. Chapter 1. SEIGNEURS et COMTES de NEUCHÂTEL in
view all 17
Ulrich Graf von Neuenburg's Timeline
1175
1175
Birth of Ulrich Graf von Neuenburg
Neuchatel, Switzerland
1225
August 1, 1225
Age 50
Death of Ulrich Graf von Neuenburg at Switzerland
Switzerland
1225
Birth of Gertrude de Neuchâtel-Nidau
1225
Birth of Graf Berthold von Neuenburg-Strassberg, I
Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel District, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
1226
1226
|
1164 - 1225 (61 years)
